Does pandemic uncertainty spur public health expenditures? Evidence from European Union economies

Author:

Chang Wentao1ORCID,Zhou Xinjian2ORCID,Nazar Raima3ORCID,Ali Sajid4

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Contemporary Marxism Xinyang Normal University Xinyang China

2. School of Mathematics and Statistics Xinyang Normal University Xinyang China

3. Department of Economics The Women University Multan Pakistan

4. School of Economics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan

Abstract

AbstractThis research intends to evaluate the asymmetric relationship between pandemic uncertainty and public health expenditures in selected European Union nations (Germany, France, Sweden, Belgium, Austria, Netherlands, Denmark, Spain, Finland, and Portugal). Earlier studies used panel data methodologies to get consistent results about the pandemic–health expenditures nexus, irrespective of the reality that numerous economies did not identify such a link independently. By contrast, the present research utilizes a unique technique, quantile‐on‐quantile, that explores time‐series dependency in every nation by offering worldwide yet country‐related insight into the linkage between the variables. Estimations reveal that pandemic uncertainty increases public health expenditures in most of the selected economies at specified quantiles of data. Additionally, the data indicate that the level of asymmetries among our variables varies by country, stressing the significance of policymakers paying special attention while executing policies concerning health expenditures and pandemic uncertainty.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Medicine,General Nursing

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