Three‐dimensional starch‐based scaffold decorated with 64S bio‐glass for accelerating rat model bone defect repair

Abstract

AbstractStarch (ST)‐based scaffold consists of aloe vera (AV) and 64S bioactive glass (BG) reinforced with quail egg shell powder (QE) was successfully fabricated through freeze‐drying technique. Scaffolds revealed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, forming inhibition zones of 12.64–16.23 mm. Collagen I and Runt‐related transcription factor 2 expressions as early‐stage osteogenic differentiation markers were reported to be in the ranges of 34.11% ± 1.46% to 69.47% ± 1.64% and 34.31% ± 2.43% to 71.47% ± .94%, respectively. Moreover, the in vivo expression of osteopontin after 4 weeks of implantation was 25.39% ± 2.92%/500 μm for the blank group and 56.68% ± 4.09%/500 μm for the scaffold group, respectively. Moreover, new bone formation and proliferation of collagen fibers were observed in the scaffold group. Obtained results revealed that AV incorporated ST‐BG‐QE scaffold can be considered a promising candidate for bone tissue repair.