1. *I wish to thank Sally Kuisel from the US National Archives, College Park MD, for alerting me to the Unesco Decimal Files, as well as John Forge, Jacinta O'Hagan, Joel Quirk and especiallyDiplomatic History's two anonymous referees for their incisive comments on earlier drafts of this article. Thanks are also due to the Department of International Relations, RSPAS, Australian National University, which supported my travel.
2. 1. "Unesco" is not capitalized, in keeping with the usage in Unesco's documentation.
3. 2. Unesco Relations Staff, Paris Embassy, "Records of Activities in Unesco House for the Week Ending August 4, 1950," 9 August 1950, 5, Records of the Unesco Delegation 1950-1954, Paris Embassy, France, Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State (hereafter FSP), Record Group (hereafter RG) 84, National Archives at College Park, College Park, Maryland (hereafter NA). On the broader context of U.S. cultural diplomacy, see Frank Ninkovich,The Diplomacy of Ideas: U.S. Foreign Policy and Cultural Relations, 1938-1950(Cambridge, UK, 1981); Alan Heil, Jr.Voice of America: A History(New York, 2003).
4. 3. These were Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and Yugoslavia. On U.S. "guesswork" and Soviet intentions, seeChicago Daily Tribune, "Unesco Is Seen as Peace Agent by Dr. Stoddard," 1 May 1947.
5. 4. Telegram from Foreign Office to Washington, 10 August 1950; "Unesco and the Korean Situation," FO371/88901, UK National Archives, Public Record Office, Kew.