Ostreid herpesvirus‐1 microvariant surveillance in Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas, Thunberg, 1793) in Australia in 2011

Author:

Moloney BJ1ORCID,Deveney M2,Ellard K3,Hick P4,Kirkland PD4ORCID,Moody NJG5,Frances J6

Affiliation:

1. NSW Department of Primary Industries Head Office Orange New South Wales Australia

2. South Australian Research and Development Institute SARDI Aquatic Sciences West Beach South Australia Australia

3. Biosecurity Tasmania Department of Natural Resources and the Environment Hobart Tasmania Australia

4. NSW Department of Primary Industries Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute Menangle New South Wales Australia

5. CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness Geelong Victoria Australia

6. NSW Department of Primary Industries Port Stephens Fisheries Institute Port Stephens New South Wales Australia

Abstract

ObjectiveTo demonstrate that OsHV‐1 microvariant was limited to the known infected areas in New South Wales at the time of the survey in 2011.DesignA 2‐stage survey to demonstrate probability of infection at 2% design prevalence within oyster growing regions and to detect at least one infected region (4% design prevalence) with 95% confidence.Sample PopulationMagallana gigas in nominated oyster growing regions in New South Wales, South Australia and Tasmania as approved by the Aquatic Consultative Committee on Emergency Animal Diseases and documented in a national surveillance plan.ProcedureField sampling for active surveillance and laboratory selection of appropriate tissues using methods to minimize potential for cross contamination. Published methods for qPCR and conventional PCR for OsHV‐1 microvariant. Stochastic analysis of survey results to demonstrate probability of detection in the areas tested.Results and ConclusionsOsHV‐1 microvariant was not detected in a total 4121 samples according to the case definition developed for the survey. However, in NSW a screening qPCR for OsHV‐1 detected 13 samples that reacted. These samples were negative at 2 laboratories in the qPCR and conventional PCR assays used in the case definition for the survey. We concluded that oyster production areas of Australia outside the infected area in NSW met the criteria for self‐declaration of freedom at the time of the survey in 2011.Clinical RelevanceThis activity illustrated achievements in surveillance for an emerging emergency animal pathogen where epidemiological and test validation data were limited, but where data was required to inform the emergency disease response. It also illustrated the challenges faced by investigators in interpreting surveillance results using tests with limited validation. It was guided by and has informed improvements in surveillance and emergency disease preparedness.

Funder

Department of Agriculture, Australian Government

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Veterinary,General Medicine

Reference20 articles.

1. The history of oyster farming in Australia;Nell JA;Mar Fish Rev,2001

2. The Changing Face of Oyster Culture in New South Wales, Australia

3. Herpesviruses associated with mortalities among hatchery-reared larval Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas

4. Herpes‐like virus infecting pacific oyster larvae Crassostrea gigas;Nicolas JL;Bull Eur Assoc Fish Pathol (United Kingdom),1992

5. Herpes‐like virus infecting Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat;Renault T;Bull Eur Assoc Fish Pathol (United Kingdom),1994

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