Conceptual replication and extension of health behavior theories' predictions in the context of COVID‐19: Evidence across countries and over time

Author:

Abakoumkin Georgios1ORCID,Tseliou Eleftheria1ORCID,McCabe Kira O.2ORCID,Lemay Edward P.3,Stroebe Wolfgang4,Agostini Maximilian5,Bélanger Jocelyn J.67,Gützkow Ben5,Kreienkamp Jannis5,Kutlaca Maja8ORCID,VanDellen Michelle R.9ORCID,Abdul Khaiyom Jamilah Hanum10,Ahmedi Vjollca11,Akkas Handan12,Almenara Carlos A.13,Atta Mohsin14,Bagci Sabahat Cigdem15,Basel Sima16,Berisha Kida Edona17,Bernardo Allan B. I.18,Buttrick Nicholas R.19ORCID,Chobthamkit Phatthanakit20,Choi Hoon‐Seok21ORCID,Cristea Mioara22ORCID,Csaba Sára23,Damnjanovic Kaja24,Danyliuk Ivan25ORCID,Di Santo Daniela26,Douglas Karen M.27ORCID,Enea Violeta28,Faller Daiane Gracieli29,Fitzsimons Gavan30,Gheorghiu Alexandra31,Gómez Ángel32,Grzymala‐Moszczynska Joanna33,Hamaidia Ali34,Han Qing35,Helmy Mai3637,Hudiyana Joevarian38,Jeronimus Bertus F.5ORCID,Jiang Ding‐Yu39,Jovanović Veljko40,Kamenov Željka41,Kende Anna42,Keng Shian‐Ling43,Kieu Tra Thi Thanh44,Koc Yasin5,Kovyazina Kamila45,Kozytska Inna25,Krause Joshua5,Kruglanski Arie W.3,Kurapov Anton2546,Lantos Nóra Anna42,Lesmana Cokorda Bagus Jaya47,Louis Winnifred R.48ORCID,Lueders Adrian49,Malik Najma Iqbal14,Martinez Anton50,Mehulić Jasmina41,Milla Mirra Noor38,Mohammed Idris51,Molinario Erica52,Moyano Manuel53ORCID,Muhammad Hayat54,Mula Silvana55,Muluk Hamdi38ORCID,Myroniuk Solomiia5ORCID,Najafi Reza56,Nisa Claudia F.6,Nyúl Boglárka42,O’Keefe Paul A.57,Olivas Osuna Jose Javier58ORCID,Osin Evgeny N.59,Park Joonha60,Pica Gennaro61ORCID,Pierro Antonio62,Rees Jonas63,Reitsema Anne Margit64,Resta Elena55,Rullo Marika65,Ryan Michelle K.6667,Samekin Adil68,Santtila Pekka69,Sasin Edyta6,Schumpe Birga Mareen70,Selim Heyla A.71,Stanton Michael Vicente72ORCID,Sultana Samiah5,Sutton Robbie M.27,Utsugi Akira73,van Breen Jolien Anne74,Van Lissa Caspar J.75,Van Veen Kees76,Vázquez Alexandra32,Wollast Robin77,Yeung Victoria Wai‐lan7879,Zand Somayeh80,Žeželj Iris Lav24,Zheng Bang81,Zick Andreas82,Zúñiga Claudia83,Leander N. Pontus584

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Psychology Department of Early Childhood Education University of Thessaly Volos Greece

2. Department of Psychology Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada

3. Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA

4. Department of Social and Organizational Psychology University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands

5. Department of Psychology University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands

6. Department of Psychology New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

7. Faculty of Arts and Sciences Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar Doha Qatar

8. Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK

9. Department of Psychology University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA

10. Department of Psychology International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

11. Department of Pedagogy Pristine University Pristina Kosovo

12. Organizational Behavior Ankara Science University Ankara Turkey

13. Faculty of Health Science Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Lima Peru

14. Department of Psychology University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan

15. Department of Psychology Sabanci University Istanbul Turkey

16. Department of Social Sciences New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

17. Faculty of Education Pristine University Pristina Kosovo

18. Department of Psychology De La Salle University Manila Philippines

19. Department of Psychology University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia USA

20. Department of Psychology Thammasat University Pathumthani Thailand

21. Department of Psychology Sungkyunkwan University Jongno‐gu South Korea

22. Department of Psychology Heriot Watt University Edinburgh UK

23. Doctoral School of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary

24. Department of Psychology University of Belgrade Beograd Serbia

25. Department of Psychology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv Ukraine

26. Department of Political Sciences University of Pisa Pisa Italy

27. School of Psychology University of Kent Canterbury UK

28. Department of Psychology Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iasi Romania

29. Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

30. Marketing and Psychology Duke University Durham North Carolina USA

31. Center for European Studies Faculty of Law, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iasi Romania

32. Social and Organizational Psychology Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Madrid Spain

33. Institute of Psychology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland

34. Psychology/ Research Unit Human Resources Development Setif 2 University Setif Algeria

35. The School of Psychological Science University of Bristol Bristol UK

36. Psychology Department, College of Education Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman

37. Psychology Department, Faculty of Arts Menoufia University Shebin El‐Kom Egypt

38. Department of Psychology Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia

39. Department of Psychology National Chung‐Cheng University Minxiong Taiwan

40. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia

41. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia

42. Department of Social Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary

43. Psychology Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Malaysia

44. Department of Psychology HCMC University of Education Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

45. Independent Researcher Almaty Kazakhstan

46. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences Paris Lodron University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria

47. Department of Psychiatry Udayana University Bukit Jimbaran Indonesia

48. School of Psychology University of Queensland Saint Lucia Queensland Australia

49. Department of Communication University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany

50. Department of Psychology University of Sheffield Sheffield UK

51. Mass Communication Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Sokoto Nigeria

52. Department of Psychology Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers Florida USA

53. Department of Psychology University of Cordoba Cordoba Spain

54. Department of Psychology University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan

55. Dipartimento dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione University “La Sapienza” Rome Italy

56. Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy

57. Department of Management University of Exeter Business School Exeter UK

58. Department of Political Science and Administration National Distance Education University (UNED) Madrid Spain

59. Laboratory LINP2 University of Paris Nanterre Nanterre France

60. Department of Management Nagoya University of Commerce and Business Nagoya Japan

61. School of Law University of Camerino Camerino Italy

62. Department of Social and Developmental Psychology University “La Sapienza” Rome Italy

63. Department of Social Psychology Research Institute Social Cohesion Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany

64. Department of Developmental Psychology University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands

65. Department of Social, Political, and Cognitive Sciences University of Siena Siena Italy

66. The Global Institute for Women’s Leadership The Australian National University Canberra Australia

67. Faculty of Economics and Business University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands

68. School of Liberal Arts M. Narikbayev KAZGUU University Astana Kazakhstan

69. Department of Psychology New York University Shanghai Shanghai China

70. Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

71. Department of Psychology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

72. Department of Public Health California State University East Bay Hayward California USA

73. Graduate School of Humanities Nagoya University Nagoya Japan

74. Institute of Security and Global Affairs Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands

75. Department of Methodology & Statistics Tilburg University Tilburg The Netherlands

76. Department of Sociology University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands

77. Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive Université Clermont‐Auvergne Auvergne France

78. Department of Psychology Lingnan University Hong Kong China

79. Wofoo Joseph Lee Consulting and Counselling Psychology Research Centre Lingnan University Hong Kong China

80. Department of Psychology University of Milano‐Bicocca Milan Italy

81. Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London London UK

82. Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence (IKG) University of Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany

83. Department of Psychology Universidad de Chile Santiago de Chile Chile

84. Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA

Abstract

AbstractVirus mitigation behavior has been and still is a powerful means to fight the COVID‐19 pandemic irrespective of the availability of pharmaceutical means (e.g., vaccines). We drew on health behavior theories to predict health‐protective (coping‐specific) responses and hope (coping non‐specific response) from health‐related cognitions (vulnerability, severity, self‐assessed knowledge, efficacy). In an extension of this model, we proposed orientation to internal (problem‐focused coping) and external (country capability) coping resources as antecedents of health protection and hope; health‐related cognitions were assumed as mediators of this link. We tested these predictions in a large multi‐national multi‐wave study with a cross‐sectional panel at T1 (Baseline, March‐April 2020; N = 57,631 in 113 countries) and a panel subsample at two later time points, T2 (November 2020; N = 3097) and T3 (April 2021; N = 2628). Multilevel models showed that health‐related cognitions predicted health‐protective responses and hope. Problem‐focused coping was mainly linked to health‐protective behaviors (T1‐T3), whereas country capability was mainly linked to hope (T1‐T3). These relationships were partially mediated by health‐related cognitions. We conceptually replicated predictions of health behavior theories within a real health threat, further suggesting how different coping resources are associated with qualitatively distinct outcomes. Both patterns were consistent across countries and time.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Social Psychology

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