Affiliation:
1. The Ohio State University, College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USA
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundHypercalcemia of malignancy (HM) secondary to lymphoma in dogs has the potential to cause renal injury.Hypothesis/ObjectivesCharacterize outcomes related to acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to HM. We hypothesized that dogs do suffer AKI regardless of HM severity at the time of lymphoma diagnosis or relapse.AnimalsRetrospective study. Twenty‐nine dogs with lymphoma, HM, and azotemia (International Renal Interest Society [IRIS] grade II or higher AKI) that underwent chemotherapy were identified at 2 veterinary institutions.MethodsLogistic regression and descriptive statistical analysis were performed to evaluate data for potential prognostic factors.ResultsAfter initiating treatment, resolution of hypercalcemia and azotemia occurred in 100% (29/29) and 79.3% (23/29) of dogs, respectively. Resolution of azotemia was influenced by serum creatinine concentration (odds ratio [OR], 0.148; Confidence interval [CI], 0.03‐0.734; P = .02) and total hypercalcemia (OR, 0.36; CI, 0.14‐0.93; P = .04) at diagnosis, whereas blood urea nitrogen concentration, IRIS grade, sex, and whether or not dogs were hospitalized were not significant factors. At data analysis, 13.8% (4/29) of dogs were alive or lost to follow‐up. Of those dead, 4 dogs (15%) had renal disease at the time of death, 2/4 having concurrent lymphoma progression.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAlthough AKI may be of clinical concern in dogs with HM secondary to lymphoma at diagnosis, death secondary to renal impairment appears to be infrequent.