Fluoroscopically‐assisted closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac luxations in cats using 2.4 mm headless cannulated compression screws: Description, evaluation and clinical outcome

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveTo describe fluoroscopically‐assisted closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac‐luxation (SIL) in cats and report radiographic results and long‐term functional outcomes.Study designRetrospective clinical study.AnimalsEleven cats.MethodsPercutaneous fixation of 17 SILs in 11 cats was performed with 2.4 mm headless cannulated compression screws under fluoroscopic guidance. Luxation‐reduction, screw placement and purchase within the sacral body, pelvic canal diameter ratio (PCDR) and hemipelvic canal width ratio (HCWR) were assessed on pre‐ and postoperative radiographs. Radiographic follow‐up was performed to assess the same parameters when available. Long‐term clinical outcome was evaluated with an owner questionnaire. Wilcoxon paired‐test was performed for comparison.ResultsMean age and bodyweight of the cats were 3.3 ± 2.6 years and 4.0 ± 0.82 kg, respectively. Nine cats presented with concurrent pelvic injuries. Median luxation‐reduction was 94.1% (IQR = 13.9) and median screw‐purchase within the sacral body was 73.3% (IQR = 17.0) immediately postoperatively. One screw exited the sacral body caudally. Upon 7‐week radiographic follow‐up, luxation‐reduction (88.3%, IQR = 20.1) and screw‐purchase (70.7%, IQR = 12.8) had decreased compared to immediately postoperatively (p = .008 and p = .013 respectively). Screw migration was not observed. PCDR and HCWR measured on postoperative radiographs indicated successful restoration of the pelvic canal width. Owners reported an excellent long‐term functional outcome (mean postoperative time: 19 ± 5 months).ConclusionFluoroscopically‐assisted closed reduction and fixation of feline SIL using 2.4 mm headless cannulated compression screws allowed good reduction and optimal screw purchase within the sacral body. An excellent functional outcome was reported.Clinical significanceMinimally invasive reduction and fixation with headless compression screws should be considered in cats with SIL.