Symptomatic androgen deficiency develops only when both total and free testosterone decline in obese men who may have incident biochemical secondary hypogonadism: Prospective results from the EMAS

Author:

Rastrelli Giulia1ORCID,O'Neill Terence W.2,Ahern Tomas3ORCID,Bártfai György4,Casanueva Felipe F.56,Forti Gianni7,Keevil Brian8ORCID,Giwercman Aleksander9,Han Thang S.10,Slowikowska-Hilczer Jolanta11,Lean Michael E.J.12,Pendleton Neil13,Punab Margus14,Antonio Leen15ORCID,Tournoy Jos16,Vanderschueren Dirk15,Maggi Mario1ORCID,Huhtaniemi Ilpo T.17,Wu Frederick C.W.2,

Affiliation:

1. Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit; Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”; University of Florence; Florence Italy

2. Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK

3. Andrology Research Unit; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Gastroenterology; Domain of Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Nutritional Sciences; School of Medical Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK

4. Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology; Albert Szent-György Medical University; Szeged Hungary

5. Department of Medicine; Santiago de Compostela University; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS)

6. CIBER de Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn); Instituto Salud Carlos III; Santiago de Compostela Spain

7. Endocrine Unit; Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”; University of Florence; Florence Italy

8. Department of Clinical Biochemistry; University Hospital of South Manchester; Wythenshawe, Manchester UK

9. Reproductive Medicine Centre; Malmö University Hospital; University of Lund; Malmö Sweden

10. Institute of Cardiovascular Research; Royal Holloway, University of London; Egham UK

11. Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland

12. Department of Human Nutrition; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK

13. Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology; School of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Hope Hospital; Salford UK

14. Andrology Unit; United Laboratories of Tartu University Clinics; Tartu Estonia

15. Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology; Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven Belgium

16. Gerontology and Geriatrics; Department of Chronic diseases, Metabolism and Ageing; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven Belgium

17. Department of Surgery and Cancer; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology; Imperial College London; London UK

Funder

Commission of the European Communities Fifth Framework Program “Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources”

Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre

Arthritis Research UK

National Institute for Health Research

Clinical Research Fund of the University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Endocrinology

Reference41 articles.

1. The free hormone hypothesis. Distinction from the free hormone transport hypothesis;Mendel;J Androl,1992

2. Sex hormone-binding globulin regulation of androgen bioactivity in vivo: validation of the free hormone hypothesis;Laurent;Sci Rep,2016

3. Sex hormone binding globulin deficiency due to a homozygous missense mutation;Vos;J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2014

4. Sex-hormone-binding globulin deficiency;Dupont Ahrentsen;Lancet,1982

5. Human sex hormone-binding globulin variants associated with hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction;Hogeveen;J Clin Invest,2002

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