1. Department of Nursing College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
2. Department of Nursing National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
3. Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
4. Department of Nursing Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan
5. Department of Nursing College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan