The influence of smoking on the incidence of peri‐implantitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Author:

Reis Isabella Neme Ribeiro dos1ORCID,do Amaral Guilherme Castro Lima Silva1ORCID,Hassan Mohamed Ahmed1ORCID,Villar Cristina Cunha1ORCID,Romito Giuseppe Alexandre1ORCID,Spin‐Neto Rubens2ORCID,Pannuti Claudio Mendes1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

2. Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section for Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to systematically analyze the influence of smoking on the incidence of peri‐implantitis.Materials and MethodsThe search was performed in the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE‐PubMed), SCOPUS, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases (finished on November 30, 2022). Systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted according to PRISMA statement. Prospective cohort studies that evaluate the incidence of peri‐implantitis in smokers and non‐smokers were included. Two authors independently searched for eligible studies, screened titles, and abstracts, did the full‐text analysis, extracted data, and performed the risk‐of‐bias assessment. The results were summarized through random‐effects meta‐analyses. The GRADE method was used to determine the certainty of evidence.ResultsA total of 7 studies with 702 patients and 1959 implants were included for analysis. The meta‐analysis revealed a significant difference between smokers and non‐smokers for the risk of peri‐implantitis in the implant‐based (p < .0001) and patient‐based analysis (p = .003). A strong association between smoking and the risk for peri‐implantitis was verified at the implant level (RR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.46–1.85) and the patient level (RR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.42–5.50).ConclusionsModerate certainty evidence suggests that smoking is associated with peri‐implantitis compared to non‐smoking at the patient and implant levels.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Oral Surgery

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