Shading by giant kelp canopy can restrict the invasiveness of Undaria pinnatifida (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae)

Author:

Sandoval‐Gil Jose Miguel1ORCID,Sánchez‐Barredo Mariana1,Cruz‐López Ricardo1,Zertuche‐González José Antonio1,Beas‐Luna Rodrigo2,Lorda Julio3,Montaño‐Moctezuma Gabriela1

Affiliation:

1. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas Ensenada Baja California 22830 Mexico

2. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) Facultad de Ciencias Marinas Ensenada Baja California 22830 Mexico

3. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC) Facultad de Ciencias Ensenada Baja California 22830 Mexico

Abstract

AbstractThe spread of non‐indigenous and invasive seaweeds has increased worldwide, and their potential effects on native seaweeds have raised concern. Undaria pinnatifida is considered among the most prolific non‐indigenous species. This species has expanded rapidly in the Northeast Pacific, overlapping with native communities such as the iconic giant kelp forests (Macrocystis pyrifera). Canopy shading by giant kelp has been argued to be a limiting factor for the presence of U. pinnatifida in the understory, thus its invasiveness capacity. However, its physiological plasticity under light limitation remains unclear. In this work, we compared the physiology and growth of juvenile U. pinnatifida and M. pyrifera sporophytes transplanted to the understory of a giant kelp forest, to juveniles growing outside of the forest. Extreme low light availability compared to that outside (~0.2 and ~4.4 mol photon ⋅ m−2 ⋅ d−1, respectively) likely caused a “metabolic energy crisis” in U. pinnatifida, thus restricting its photoacclimation plasticity and nitrogen acquisition, ultimately reducing its growth. Despite M. pyrifera juveniles showing photoacclimatory responses (e.g., increases in photosynthetic efficiency and lower compensation irradiance, Ec), their physiological/vegetative status deteriorated similarly to U. pinnatifida, which explains the low recruitment inside the forest. Generally, our results revealed the ecophysiological basis behind the limited growth and survival of juvenile U. pinnatifida sporophytes in the understory.

Funder

Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Plant Science,Aquatic Science

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