1. CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
2. Daqinggou Ecological Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
3. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China
4. Forest Ecology and Management Group Wageningen University & Research AA Wageningen the Netherlands