Biological performance of a novel bovine hydroxyapatite in a guided bone regeneration model: A preclinical study in a mandibular defect in dogs

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesThis preclinical model study aims to evaluate the performance and safety of a novel hydroxyapatite biomaterial (Wishbone Hydroxyapatite, WHA) on guided bone regeneration compared to a commercially available deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio‐Oss, BO).Material and MethodsTwenty‐four beagle dogs were allocated to three timepoint cohorts (4, 12, and 26 weeks) of eight animals each. In all animals, four critical‐sized, independent wall mandibular defects were created (32 defects/cohort). Each animal received all four treatments, allocated randomly to separated defects: WHA + collagen membrane (M), BO + M, no treatment (Sham, Sh), and Sh + M. At each timepoint, the specimens were harvested for histologic and histomorphometric analyses to determine the newly formed bone and osteoconductivity.ResultsAt 4 weeks, bone regeneration was significantly higher for WHA + M (46.8%) when compared to BO + M (21.4%), Sh (15.1%), and Sh + M (23.1%) (p < 0.05); at 12 and 26 weeks, regeneration was similar for WHA and BO. Bone‐to‐material contact increased over time similarly for WHA + M and BO + M. From a safety point of view, inflammation attributed to WHA + M or BO + M was minimal; necrosis or fatty infiltrate was absent.ConclusionsWHA + M resulted in higher bone regeneration rate than BO + M at 4 weeks. Both BO + M and WHA + M were more efficient than both Sh groups at all timepoints. Safety and biocompatibility of WHA was favorable and comparable to that of BO.