Metabolome and transcriptome analyses of anthocyanin biosynthesis reveal key metabolites and candidate genes in purple wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Author:

Liu Xiaoting1ORCID,Liu Haifu2,Tian Baoming1,Shi Gongyao1ORCID,Liu Cheng2,Guo Jialin1,Cao Gangqiang1,Wei Fang1

Affiliation:

1. Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

2. Henan Institute of Modern Agriculture Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

Abstract

AbstractWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is continuously subjected to genetic improvement to optimize grain quality. Purple wheat has recently gained attention because of its high anthocyanin and nutrient content. In this study, we performed an integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the inbred wheat lines ZM152 (white wheat line) and ZM163 (purple wheat line) to elucidate molecular networks and identify potential genes regulating anthocyanin synthesis. A total of 564 metabolites were detected, of which 47 metabolite contents differed significantly between the two lines. Twenty‐five flavonoids, including four anthocyanins, were significantly higher in purple wheat. High contents of cyanidin 3‐rutinoside and malvidin 3‐glucoside might contribute to the purple coloration of the wheat grains. Consistently, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses revealed that flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis were mostly enriched, and the expression of anthocyanin structural genes was specifically upregulated in purple wheat lines, while transcription factors (TFs) were mostly downregulated in purple wheat lines. Especially, the correlation analysis showed the anthocyanin synthesis‐related genes CHS (TraesCS2B02G048400) and UFGT (TraesCS7A02G155400) were likely regulated negatively by the TFs MYB4 (TraesCS1A02G268800, TraesCS1B02G279400), TT8 (TraesCS1D02G094200, TraesCS1B02G113100, and TraesCS1A02G102400), which thus could be considered important regulatory genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway of purple wheat lines. In summary, these results offer new insights into anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation of purple wheat, and provide very useful candidate genes for future colored wheat breeding.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cell Biology,Plant Science,Genetics,General Medicine,Physiology

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