Evolution and development of methodologies in social and behavioural science research in relation to oral health

Author:

Baker Sarah R.1ORCID,Heaton Lisa J.23ORCID,McGrath Colman4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry University of Sheffield Sheffield UK

2. CareQuest Institute for Oral Health Boston Massachusetts USA

3. Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington School of Dentistry Seattle Washington USA

4. Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong

Abstract

AbstractThe aim of this introductory paper is to provide an overview of key methodological developments in social and behavioural research in oral health. In the first section, we provide a brief historical perspective on research in the field. In the second section, we outline key methodological issues and introduce the seven papers in the theme. Conceptual models can contextualize research findings and address the ‘why’ and ‘how’ instead of ‘what’ and ‘how many’. Many models exist, albeit they need to be evaluated (and adapted) for use in oral health research and in specific settings. The increasing availability of big data can facilitate this with data linkage. Through data linkage, it is possible to explore and understand in a broader capacity the array of factors that influence oral health outcomes and how oral health can influences other factors. With advances in statistical approaches, it is feasible to consider casual inferences and to quantify these effects. There is a need for not only individual efforts to embrace causal inference research but also systematic and structural changes in the field to yield substantial results. The value of qualitative research in co‐producing knowledge with and from human participants in addressing ‘the how’ and ‘the why’ factors is also key. There have been calls to employ more sophisticated qualitative methods together with mixed methods approaches as ways of helping to address the complex or Wicked Problems in population oral health. In the final section, we outline possible future methodological directions in social and behavioural oral health research including participatory approaches and the development of core outcome sets. Our overriding goal in the paper is to facilitate a critical debate in relation to methodological issues which can be used to improve understanding and generate knowledge in population oral health and that this, in turn, will help inform oral health policy and practices.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Dentistry

Reference160 articles.

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4. A realistic approach to the dental health program in Minnesota;Knutson JW;Northwest Dent,1946

5. Dental programs of the Bureau of Dental Hygiene and the Iowa State Department of health;Hoffman OE;Iowa Dent Bull,1947

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