Shaping immunity: The influence of natural selection on population immune diversity

Author:

Randolph Haley E.12ORCID,Aracena Katherine A.3ORCID,Lin Yen‐Lung4ORCID,Mu Zepeng1ORCID,Barreiro Luis B.1345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Committee on Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA

2. Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York New York USA

3. Department of Human Genetics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA

4. Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA

5. Committee on Immunology University of Chicago Chicago Illinois USA

Abstract

SummaryHumans exhibit considerable variability in their immune responses to the same immune challenges. Such variation is widespread and affects individual and population‐level susceptibility to infectious diseases and immune disorders. Although the factors influencing immune response diversity are partially understood, what mechanisms lead to the wide range of immune traits in healthy individuals remain largely unexplained. Here, we discuss the role that natural selection has played in driving phenotypic differences in immune responses across populations and present‐day susceptibility to immune‐related disorders. Further, we touch on future directions in the field of immunogenomics, highlighting the value of expanding this work to human populations globally, the utility of modeling the immune response as a dynamic process, and the importance of considering the potential polygenic nature of natural selection. Identifying loci acted upon by evolution may further pinpoint variants critically involved in disease etiology, and designing studies to capture these effects will enrich our understanding of the genetic contributions to immunity and immune dysregulation.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Publisher

Wiley

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

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