Artificial intelligence and neuro‐ophthalmology

Abstract

Deep‐learning (DL) methods have been successfully applied to Neuro‐ophthalmology and in particular to interpretation of images of retina and the optic nerve for detection of life‐ and/or vision‐treating cerebral conditions. DL systems are nowadays able to accurately detect papilledema related to raised intracranial pressure, (1) as well as other optic neuropathies, on standard retinal photographs alone. In addition to detection of specific retinal features and abnormalities, more recent DL methods suggest that neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease), affecting the ocular structures, can be also detected on trivial retinal photographs.(2).Ophthalmologists and neuro‐ophthalmologists are in a privileged position to detect cerebral conditions affecting the eyes, using novel, cutting‐edge DL technologies, which may transform our clinical practice in the next years.(3) Such algorithms may be implemented in the future, if further validated in real‐life situations, for the triaging of patients who are seen in non‐ophthalmic set‐ups (emergency rooms, neurology offices, etc.). This presentation will share the current hopes, doubts, successes and failures of assistive AI applied to Neuro‐ophthalmic conditions.References. Milea D, Najjar RP, Zhubo J, Ting D, Vasseneix C, Xu X, Aghsaei Fard M, Fonseca P, Vanikieti K, Lagrèze WA, La Morgia C, Cheung CY, Hamann S, Chiquet C, Sanda N, Yang H, Mejico LJ, Rougier M‐B, Kho R, Thi Ha Chau T, Singhal S, Gohier P, Clermont‐Vignal C, Cheng C‐Y, Jonas JB, Yu‐Wai‐Man P, Fraser CL, Chen JJ, Ambika S, Miller NR, Liu Y, Newman NJ, Wong TY, Biousse V for the BONSAI Group. Artificial Intelligence to Detect Papilledema from Ocular Fundus Photographs. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 30;382(18):1687–1695. Cheung CY, Ran A, Wang S, Chan VTT, Sham K, Hilal S, Venketasubramanian N, Cheng CY, Sabanayagam C, Tham YC, Schmetterer L, McKay GJ, Williams MA, 12, Wong A, Au L, Lu A, Yam JC, 1 Tham CC, Chen JJ, Dumitrascu OM, Pheng‐Ann H, Kwok T, Mok V **, Milea D**, Chen LH, ** Wong TY**. A deep‐learning screening model for Alzheimer's disease based on retinal photographs. Lancet Digital Medicine, 2022 Nov;4(11):e806‐e815. Sathianvichitr K, Lamoureux O, Nakada S, Tang Z, Schmetterer L, Chen C, Cheung CY, Najjar RP, Milea D. Through the eyes into the brain, using artificial intelligence. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2023 Feb;52(2):88–95.