Affiliation:
1. Preventive Medicine and Physical Activity Center (ÉPIC) & Research Center Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal Montréal Quebec Canada
2. Université Paris Cité Institut des Sciences du Sport Santé de Paris (I3SP), URP 3625 Paris France
3. University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
4. Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
5. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montréal Quebec Canada
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundIn patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), individualized exercise training (ET) programs are strongly recommended to optimize peak oxygen uptake (O2peak) improvement and prognosis. However, the cardiac hemodynamic factors responsible for a positive response to training remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare cardiac hemodynamic changes after an ET program in responder (R) versus non‐responder (NR) CHD patients.MethodsA total of 72 CHD patients completed a 3‐month ET program and were assessed by cycle ergometer cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET: O2peak assessment) with impedance cardiography (ICG) for hemodynamic measurements before and after training. Cardiac hemodynamics (e.g., CO, CI, SV, ESV, EDV, and SVR) were measured by ICG during CPET. The R and NR groups were classified using the median change in O2peak (>the median for R and ≤the median for NR).ResultsIn the R group, O2peak (+17%, p < 0.001), CO, CI, SV, and HR increased by 17%, 17%, 13%, and 5%, respectively (p < 0.05) after the training program. In the NR group, O2peak, CO, CI, and SV increased by 0.5%, 5%, 8%, and 6%, respectively (p < 0.01). The SVR decreased in both groups (−19% in R and −11% in NR, p < 0.001).ConclusionAmong CHD patients, the R group showed a better improvement in peak cardiac output via an increase in peak stroke volume and heart rate and a reduced systemic vascular resistance than the NR group. Different cardiac phenotype adaptations and clinical individual responses were identified in CHD patients according to the aerobic fitness responder's status.
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