1. Division of Hepato‐Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung City Taiwan
2. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
3. Department of Pathology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung City Taiwan
4. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung City Taiwan
5. Department of Health Care Management College of Management; and Healthy Aging Research Center Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
6. Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung City Taiwan