Carbon quantum dots as immune modulatory therapy in a Sjögren's syndrome mouse model

Author:

Fu Cuicui12ORCID,Qin Xiaoyun3,Shao Wenlong3,Zhang Jin3,Zhang Ting4,Yang Jiaqi25,Ding Chong2ORCID,Song Yeqing2,Ge Xuejun5,Wu Gang67ORCID,Bikker Floris J.1ORCID,Jiang Nan2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) University of Amsterdam (UvA) and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU) Amsterdam The Netherlands

2. Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China

3. School of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou China

4. Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Beijing China

5. Department of Endodontics Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology Taiyuan Shanxi China

6. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

7. Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in immunomodulation on non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice, as the model for Sjögren's syndrome (SS).MethodsCarbon quantum dots were generated from Setaria viridis via a hydrothermal process. Their toxic effects were tested by cell viability and blood chemistry analysis, meanwhile therapeutic effects were investigated in NOD mice in the aspects of saliva flow, histology, and immune cell distribution.ResultsCarbon quantum dots, with rich surface chemistry and unique optical properties, showed non‐cytotoxicity in vitro or no damage in vivo. Intravenously applied CQDs alleviated inflammation in the submandibular glands in NOD mice after 6‐week treatments. The inflammatory area index and focus score were significantly decreased in CQD‐treated mice. Besides, the levels of anti‐SSA and anti‐SSB were decreased in the presence of CQDs. The stimulated saliva flow rates and weight of submandibular glands were significantly increased in CQD‐treated mice by reducing the apoptosis of cells. The CD3+ and CD4+ T cells distributed around the ducts of submandibular glands were significantly decreased, while the percentage of Foxp3+ cells was higher in CQD‐treated mice than that in the control group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CQDs may ameliorate the dysregulated immune processes in NOD mice.

Funder

Beijing Nova Program

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Dentistry,Otorhinolaryngology

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