1. Department of Urology; University of Michigan Health System; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
2. Department of Urology; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
3. Department of Urology; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
4. Department of Urology; Japan Community Health Care Organization Sendai Hospital; Sendai Japan
5. VA HSR&D Center for Clinical Management Research; Ann Arbor Michigan USA