An emerging epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis due to phytonadione epoxide (oxidised vitamin K1)

Author:

Gatica‐Ortega María E.12ORCID,Pastor‐Nieto María A.2345ORCID,Giménez‐Arnau Ana María6ORCID,Mercader‐García Pedro7ORCID,Serra‐Baldrich Esther8,Zaragoza‐Ninet Violeta9,Sanz‐Sánchez Tatiana10ORCID,Sánchez‐Gilo Araceli11ORCID,Pesqué David6ORCID,Tous‐Romero Fátima12ORCID,Ortiz‐de‐Frutos Francisco Javier12,de la Rosa‐Fernández Eduardo13ORCID,Dorta‐Alom Sara13,Elosua‐González Marta14ORCID,González‐Pérez Ricardo15,Carrascosa‐Carrillo José Manuel16,Munera‐Campos Mónica16,Silvestre‐Salvador Juan Francisco17,Miquel‐Miquel Javier18,de Mateo Minguez Antonio19,Borrego Leopoldo20ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Dermatology Department Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo Toledo Spain

2. Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad de Castilla‐La‐Mancha Toledo Spain

3. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz Madrid Spain

4. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara Guadalajara Spain

5. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Medical Specialties Department Universidad de Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Spain

6. Dermatology Department Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Barcelona Spain

7. Dermatology Department Hospital General Universitario Jose Mª Morales Meseguer Murcia Spain

8. Dermatology Department Hospital de La Santa Creu i Sant Pau Barcelona Spain

9. Dermatology Department Hospital General Universitario de Valencia Valencia Spain

10. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofia Madrid Spain

11. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain

12. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain

13. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain

14. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Madrid Spain

15. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario De Araba Vitoria Spain

16. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, IGTP, UAB Barcelona Spain

17. Dermatology Department Hospital General Universitario Dr Balmis, ISABIAL Alicante Spain

18. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova Valencia Spain

19. Allergology Department Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova Valencia Spain

20. Dermatology Department Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundReports of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to phytonadione epoxide (PE) in cosmetics suggest that PE is as powerful a sensitiser as its parent compound phytonadione.ObjectiveTo evaluate a case series of ACD to PE in Spain.MethodsWe reviewed the records of 20 patients with ACD to cosmetics containing PE diagnosed across Spain between January 2019 and June 2023.ResultsAll 20 patients developed patch test (PT) or repeated open application test (ROAT) reactions to cosmetics containing PE. All involved women with eyelid eczema. PT or ROAT with PE preparations were positive in 17/20 (85%). PE at 1%, 5%, 10% and 20% in pet. was patch‐tested in 8/17, 14/17, 11/17 and 8/17 patients; being positive in 6/8 (75%), 13/14 (92.85%), 11/11 (100%) and 8/8 (100%), respectively.ConclusionRegulators should, not only ban the specific dangerous cosmetic ingredients, but also consider to ban or keep under close surveillance those closely related products or derivatives that might potentially cause similar harmful effects. PTs with PE are suggested to be performed at a 5% concentration in pet. Higher concentrations (10% pet.) should be tested whenever PTs with 5% pet. PE are negative.

Publisher

Wiley

Reference21 articles.

1. Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety SCCS OPINION ON Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione).Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Products on vitamin K1 (europa.eu). Accessed April 28 2024.

2. Cutaneous allergic reaction to subcutaneous vitamin K1: A case report and review of literature

3. MORPHEA-LIKE REACTION FROM VITAMIN K1

4. Skin eruption caused by fat-soluble vitamin K injection

5. Allergic contact dermatitis from vitamins: A systematic review

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