Has the risk of liver re‐transplantation improved over the two decades?

Author:

Akabane Miho1ORCID,Bekki Yuki2ORCID,Imaoka Yuki1,Inaba Yosuke3,Esquivel Carlos O.1,Kwong Allison4,Melcher Marc L.1,Sasaki Kazunari1

Affiliation:

1. Division of Abdominal Transplant Department of Surgery Stanford University Medical Center Stanford California USA

2. Department of Surgery Fukuoka City Hospital Fukuoka Japan

3. Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital Chiba Japan

4. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center Stanford California USA

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundDespite advancements in liver transplantation (LT) over the past two decades, liver re‐transplantation (re‐LT) presents challenges. This study aimed to assess improvements in re‐LT outcomes and contributing factors.MethodsData from the United Network for Organ Sharing database (2002–2021) were analyzed, with recipients categorized into four‐year intervals. Trends in re‐LT characteristics and postoperative outcomes were evaluated.ResultsOf 128,462 LT patients, 7254 received re‐LT. Graft survival (GS) for re‐LT improved (91.3%, 82.1%, and 70.8% at 30 days, 1 year, and 3 years post‐LT from 2018 to 2021). However, hazard ratios (HRs) for GS remained elevated compared to marginal donors including donors after circulatory death (DCD), although the difference in HRs decreased in long‐term GS. Changes in re‐LT causes included a reduction in hepatitis C recurrence and an increase in graft failure post‐primary LT involving DCD. Trends identified included recent decreased cold ischemic time (CIT) and increased distance from donor hospital in re‐LT group. Meanwhile, DCD cohort exhibited less significant increase in distance and more marked decrease in CIT. The shortest CIT was recorded in urgent re‐LT group. The highest Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score was observed in urgent re‐LT group, while the lowest was recorded in DCD group. Analysis revealed shorter time interval between previous LT and re‐listing, leading to worse outcomes, and varying primary graft failure causes influencing overall survival post‐re‐LT.DiscussionWhile short‐term re‐LT outcomes improved, challenges persist compared to DCD. Further enhancements are required, with ongoing research focusing on optimizing risk stratification models and allocation systems for better LT outcomes.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Transplantation

Reference25 articles.

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4. Evolution of indications and results of liver transplantation in Europe. A report from the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR)

5. Outcomes of liver retransplantation in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

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