Plankton and marine aggregates as transmission vectors for V. aestuarianus 02/041 infecting the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Author:

Doni Lapo1,Tassistro Giovanni1,Oliveri Caterina1,Balbi Teresa12,Auguste Manon1,Pallavicini Alberto34,Canesi Laura12,Pruzzo Carla1,Vezzulli Luigi12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV) University of Genoa Genoa Italy

2. National Biodiversity Future Center Palermo Italy

3. Department of Life Sciences University of Trieste Trieste Italy

4. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli Italy

Abstract

AbstractVibrio aestuarianus is a bacterium related to mass mortality outbreaks of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas in Europe. In this study, the role of different planktonic substrates (phytoplankton cells, marine aggregates and chitin fragments) in mediating V. aestuarianus 02/041 infection of oysters was evaluated by controlled infection experiments. It was shown that phytoplankton cells and, to a greater extent, marine aggregates, significantly promote V. aestuarianus 02/041 intake by C. gigas maintained under stressful conditions in the laboratory. Such intake is associated with higher concentration of the pathogen in the bivalve hemolymph and compromised health status of infected oysters. In contrast, chitin particles do not play a significant role as transmission vector for V. aestuarianus 02/041 infecting its bivalve host. Interestingly, incorporation into marine aggregates foster extracellular proteases (ECPs) activity and a higher expression of bacterial virulence genes, that are potentially involved in bivalve infection. Results from this study contribute to elucidate transmission patterns of V. aestuarianus 02/041 to C. gigas that may be useful for the development of efficient measures to prevent and control oyster disease outbreaks.

Funder

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous),Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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