1. Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; F-38000 Grenoble France
2. Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA); Université Grenoble-Alpes; F-38000 Grenoble France
3. ONCFS, Equipe Ours; RN 117 F-31800 Villeneuve de Rivière France
4. Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management; Norwegian University of Life Sciences; PO Box 5003 NO-1432 Ås Norway
5. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; NO-7485 Trondheim Norway