Cardiac toxicity associated with pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir: A case report

Abstract

This case report describes a pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction between crizotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, a direct‐acting antiviral drug, leading to cardiac toxicity. A 75‐year‐old man, with no cardiovascular history but a diagnosis of metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer with mesenchymal–epithelial transition exon‐14 deletion and hepatitis C virus infection genotype 1A, received both crizotinib and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. Crizotinib was well tolerated, but 1 week after sofosbuvir/velpatasvir initiation, the patient experienced bilateral lower‐limb oedema and class III New York Heart Association dyspnoea. We assumed that increased exposure to crizotinib could account for this cardiac toxicity. Drug causality was probable according to the Naranjo scale. We hypothesized a reciprocal interaction between crizotinib and velpatasvir, mediated by both cytochrome 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp). Clinicians should be aware of the risk of drug–drug interactions between direct‐acting antiviral agents that inhibit CYP3A4 (glecaprevir) and/or P‐gp (voxilaprevir, velpatasvir) and anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are mostly CYP3A4 and/or P‐gp substrates (gefitinib, afatinib, erlotinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, lorlatinib, brigatinib, capmatinib etc.).