Affiliation:
1. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences Virginia‐Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
2. Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia‐Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
Abstract
AbstractImmunosuppressive drugs are the mainstay of treatment for many feline and canine autoimmune skin diseases, either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs. Treatment with these drugs is often lifelong and may have long‐term consequences on the affected animal's overall quality‐of‐life. Clinicians need to understand the pharmacology of immunosuppressants in planning and executing the treatment regimen for the best possible clinical outcome, as well as reducing the risk of adverse effects. This review paper will focus on the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, clinical uses and adverse effects of immunosuppressive drugs used to treat autoimmune dermatoses in cats and dogs. These include glucocorticoids, ciclosporin A, azathioprine, chlorambucil, mycophenolate mofetil, oclacitinib and Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors.