Affiliation:
1. School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia, Brisbane Queensland Australia
2. Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology Institute of Tropical Medicine Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan
3. Department of Evolution and Ecology and Center for Population Biology University of California Davis California USA
Abstract
AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that temporally fluctuating environments are important in maintaining variation both within and between species. To date, however, studies of genetic variation within a population have been largely conducted by evolutionary biologists (particularly population geneticists), while population and community ecologists have concentrated more on diversity at the species level. Despite considerable conceptual overlap, the commonalities and differences of these two alternative paradigms have yet to come under close scrutiny. Here, we review theoretical and empirical studies in population genetics and community ecology focusing on the ‘temporal storage effect’ and synthesise theories of diversity maintenance across different levels of biological organisation. Drawing on Chesson's coexistence theory, we explain how temporally fluctuating environments promote the maintenance of genetic variation and species diversity. We propose a further synthesis of the two disciplines by comparing models employing traditional frequency‐dependent dynamics and those adopting density‐dependent dynamics. We then address how temporal fluctuations promote genetic and species diversity simultaneously via rapid evolution and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Comparing and synthesising ecological and evolutionary approaches will accelerate our understanding of diversity maintenance in nature.
Funder
Australian Research Council
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
National Science Foundation
Subject
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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