1. Everyday illness behavior: A situational approach to health status deviations
2. From my studies of chronic illness, I have come to the position that there is an 'American Way' of experiencing and handling illness, as analogous to Jessica Mitford's argument of an American way of managing (and not managing) death. I expand upon this point in my earlier paper, 'Ideologies and the politics of constructing identity: the subjective experience of the chronically ill', paper given at the Meetings of the Society for the Study of Social Problems, New York, 31 August, 1976. Compare with J. Mitford, The American Way of Death, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1963.
3. K. Charmaz, The Social Reality of Death, Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley, 1980a. My argument does not deny that people from other cultures may share markedly similar values about managing chronic illness. Rather, I limit my observations to the data which I have gathered for this and related work. Surely some parallels can be made. If, for example, Kafka's work The Metamorphosis can be taken as a metaphor for cancer as Shlain takes it, that provides one parallel between American and Russian ways of handling disease; others may be observed in Solzhenitsyn's Cancer Ward and Tolstoy's Ivan Ilyich. See F. Kafka, The Metamorphosis, New York, Schocken, 1968; L. Shlain, 'Cancer is not a four-letter word', in C. Garfield, Stress and Survival, St. Louis, C.V. Mosby, 1979, pp. 175-85; A. Solzhenitsyn, Cancer Ward, New York, Bantam, 1969; L. Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilyich, New York, Signet Classics, 1960.
4. K. Charmaz, The Social Reality of Death, Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley, 1980a. My argument does not deny that people from other cultures may share markedly similar values about managing chronic illness. Rather, I limit my observations to the data which I have gathered for this and related work. Surely some parallels can be made. If, for example, Kafka's work The Metamorphosis can be taken as a metaphor for cancer as Shlain takes it, that provides one parallel between American and Russian ways of handling disease; others may be observed in Solzhenitsyn's Cancer Ward and Tolstoy's Ivan Ilyich. See F. Kafka, The Metamorphosis, New York, Schocken, 1968; L. Shlain, 'Cancer is not a four-letter word', in C. Garfield, Stress and Survival, St. Louis, C.V. Mosby, 1979, pp. 175-85; A. Solzhenitsyn, Cancer Ward, New York, Bantam, 1969; L. Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilyich, New York, Signet Classics, 1960.
5. K. Charmaz, The Social Reality of Death, Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley, 1980a. My argument does not deny that people from other cultures may share markedly similar values about managing chronic illness. Rather, I limit my observations to the data which I have gathered for this and related work. Surely some parallels can be made. If, for example, Kafka's work The Metamorphosis can be taken as a metaphor for cancer as Shlain takes it, that provides one parallel between American and Russian ways of handling disease; others may be observed in Solzhenitsyn's Cancer Ward and Tolstoy's Ivan Ilyich. See F. Kafka, The Metamorphosis, New York, Schocken, 1968; L. Shlain, 'Cancer is not a four-letter word', in C. Garfield, Stress and Survival, St. Louis, C.V. Mosby, 1979, pp. 175-85; A. Solzhenitsyn, Cancer Ward, New York, Bantam, 1969; L. Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilyich, New York, Signet Classics, 1960.