Genomic screening of fish‐specific genes in gnathostomes and their functions in fin development

Author:

Kudoh Hidehiro1,Yonei‐Tamura Sayuri1,Abe Gembu12,Iwakiri Junichi3,Uesaka Masahiro1,Makino Takashi4,Tamura Koji1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Ecological Developmental Adaptability Life Sciences Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University Sendai Japan

2. Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Functional Morphology School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University Yonago Japan

3. Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo Chiba Japan

4. Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University Sendai Japan

Abstract

AbstractIn this study, we comprehensively searched for fish‐specific genes in gnathostomes that contribute to development of the fin, a fish‐specific trait. Many previous reports suggested that animal group‐specific genes are often important for group‐specific traits. Clarifying the roles of fish‐specific genes in fin development of gnathostomes, for example, can help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the formation of this trait. We first identified 91 fish‐specific genes in gnathostomes by comparing the gene repertoire in 16 fish and 35 tetrapod species. RNA‐seq analysis narrowed down the 91 candidates to 33 genes that were expressed in the developing pectoral fin. We analyzed the functions of approximately half of the candidate genes by loss‐of‐function analysis in zebrafish. We found that some of the fish‐specific and fin development‐related genes, including fgf24 and and1/and2, play roles in fin development. In particular, the newly identified fish‐specific gene qkia is expressed in the developing fin muscle and contributes to muscle morphogenesis in the pectoral fin as well as body trunk. These results indicate that the strategy of identifying animal group‐specific genes is functional and useful. The methods applied here could be used in future studies to identify trait‐associated genes in other animal groups.

Funder

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Takeda Science Foundation

Publisher

Wiley

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