Differences in retinopathy prevalence and associated risk factors across 11 countries in three continents: A cross‐sectional study of 156,090 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Author:

Bratina Natasa12ORCID,Auzanneau Marie34ORCID,Birkebæk Niels5ORCID,de Beaufort Carine67ORCID,Cherubini Valentino8ORCID,Craig Maria E.91011,Dabelea Dana12,Dovc Klemen12ORCID,Hofer Sabine E.13ORCID,Holl Reinhard W.34,Jensen Elizabeth T.14,Mul Dick15,Nagl Katrin16ORCID,Robinson Holly17,Schierloh Ulrike6ORCID,Svensson Jannet1819ORCID,Tiberi Valentina8ORCID,Veeze Henk J.15,Warner Justin T.20,Donaghue Kim C.910,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital UMC Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

2. Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

3. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry ZIBMT, University of Ulm Ulm Germany

4. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Munich‐Neuherberg Germany

5. Department of Pediatric and Adolescents and Steno Diabetes Center, Aarhus Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark

6. Department of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg Luxembourg

7. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology UZ‐VUB Brussels Belgium

8. Department of Women's and Children's Health Salesi Hospital Ancona Italy

9. The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney Australia

10. University of Sydney Sydney Australia

11. University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

12. Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Aurora Colorado USA

13. Department of Pediatrics 1 Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria

14. Department of Epidemiology and Prevention Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem North Carolina USA

15. Diabeter Center for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and Research Rotterdam The Netherlands

16. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

17. Department of Science and Research Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health London UK

18. Department of Pediatric and Adolescents Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev & Gentofte Denmark

19. Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

20. Department of Paediatric Endocrinology Children's Hospital for Wales Cardiff UK

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health,Internal Medicine

Reference39 articles.

1. ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Microvascular and macrovascular complications in children and adolescents

2. Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review;Sabanayagam C;Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol,2018

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