Affiliation:
1. Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School University of Bristol Bristol UK
2. National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
3. Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
4. Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
5. Department of Health Sciences University of Leicester Leicester UK
Abstract
AbstractAimsTo estimate the prevalence of, and number of unobserved people with opioid dependence by sex and age group in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.DesignWe applied a Bayesian statistical modelling approach to opioid agonist treatment records linked to adverse event rate data. We estimated prevalence from three types of adverse event separately: opioid mortality, opioid‐poisoning hospitalizations and opioid‐related charges. We extended the model and produced prevalence estimates from a ‘multi‐source’ model based on all three types of adverse event data.Setting, Participants and MeasurementsThis study was conducted in NSW, Australia, 2014–16 using data from the Opioid Agonist Treatment and Safety (OATS) study, which included all people who had received treatment for opioid dependence in NSW. Aggregate data were obtained on numbers of adverse events in NSW. Rates of each adverse event type within the OATS cohort were modelled. Population data were provided by State and Commonwealth agencies.FindingsPrevalence of opioid dependence among those aged 15–64 years in 2016 was estimated to be 0.96% (95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.82%, 1.12%) from the mortality model, 0.75% (95% CrI = 0.70%, 0.83%) from hospitalizations, 0.95% (95% CrI = 0.90%, 0.99%) from charges and 0.92% (95% CrI = 0.88%, 0.96%) from the multi‐source model. Of the estimated 46 460 (95% CrI = 44 680, 48 410) people with opioid dependence in 2016 from the multi‐source model, approximately one‐third (16 750, 95% CrI = 14 960, 18 690) had no record of opioid agonist treatment within the last 4 years. From the multi‐source model, prevalence in 2016 was estimated to be 1.24% (95% CrI = 1.18%, 1.31%) in men aged 15–44, 1.22% (95% CrI = 1.14%, 1.31%) in men 45–64, 0.63% (95% CrI = 0.59%, 0.68%) in women aged 15–44 and 0.56% (95% CrI = 0.50%, 0.63%) in women aged 45–64.ConclusionsA Bayesian statistical approach to estimate prevalence from multiple adverse event types simultaneously calculates that the estimated prevalence of opioid dependence in NSW, Australia in 2016 was 0.92%, higher than previous estimates.
Funder
Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé
National Institute for Health and Care Research
National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit
NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Health and Medical Research Council
Department of Health and Aged Care, Australian Government
Subject
Psychiatry and Mental health,Medicine (miscellaneous)