1. Graduate School of Gerontology; J. F. Oberlin University; Machida-city Tokyo Japan
2. Faculty of Nursing; The Jikei University School of Medicine; Chofu-city Tokyo Japan
3. School of Nursing; Osaka City University; Osaka-city Japan
4. Hachioji Azumacho Clinic; Hachioji-city Tokyo Japan
5. Sapporo Kita Clinic; Sapporo-city Hokkai-do Japan
6. Kawakita General Hospital; Suginami-city Tokyo Japan