1. Department of Environmental Systems Science Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
2. Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) Birmensdorf Switzerland
3. Functional Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
4. DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability) IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro ‐ Agrocampus Ouest Nantes cedex 3 France