1. Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA
2. Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
3. Bentley University, National Bureau of Economic Research and Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Waltham MA USA
4. Pace University and National Bureau of Economic Research, New York NY, USA
5. National Bureau of Economic Research, New York NY USA
6. PhD Program in Economics City University of New York Graduate Center New York NY, USA
7. City University of New York Graduate Center, National Bureau of Economic Research and Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), New York NY USA