1. Department of Nursing; Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; Hualien Taiwan
2. Institute of Medical Sciences; Buddhist Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
3. Department of Nursing; Hung Kuang University; Taichung Taiwan
4. Department of Nursing; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
5. Department of Nursing; Buddhist Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
6. Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; Hualien Taiwan
7. Medical Department; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan