1. From Cardiology,1 Cardiovascular Outcomes Research,2 Cardiac Research,3 and Cardiothoracic Surgery,4Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, CO; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO;5Cardiology, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO;6Department of Preventive Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL;7Colorado Health Outcomes Program, Denver, CO8