Factors affecting the germination of teliospores of Sporisorium scitamineum and the development of sugarcane smut in the field

Author:

Hidayah Nurul12ORCID,Bhuiyan Shamsul A.34ORCID,Aitken Karen5,Galea Victor2

Affiliation:

1. Research Center for Estate Crops National Research and Innovation Agency Bogor Indonesia

2. School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus Gatton Queensland Australia

3. Sugar Research Australia, Woodford Station Woodford Queensland Australia

4. Queensland Micro‐ and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC) Griffith University, Nathan Campus Nathan Queensland Australia

5. CSIRO Agriculture and Food Queensland Bioscience Precinct Brisbane Queensland Australia

Abstract

AbstractTemperature and water potential are critical factors influencing the germination of Sporisorium scitamineum teliospores and subsequent crop infection. This paper reports on the effect of temperature, water potential and incubation time on S. scitamineum teliospore germination. A field trial was conducted to determine the influence of temperature and length of exposure to teliospores on smut incidence. A 200 μL aliquot of teliospore (1.5 × 106 teliospores/mL) was cultured on water agar (WA) amended by potassium chloride (KCl) or sucrose. The plates were incubated across a range of temperatures and incubation times. For the field trial, sugarcane setts were inoculated and incubated at different temperatures and for varying incubation periods. The results demonstrated that germination decreased with declining water potential with either KCl or sucrose. The greatest germination (95.8%) occurred on unamended WA incubated at 30°C for 6 h. Even at the lowest water potential of −45 bars and 30°C, 50% teliospores were still able to germinate. These results indicate that 30°C is the optimum temperature for teliospore germination and that S. scitamineum may still germinate in fairly dry conditions. However, high temperatures (40°C), greatly reduce S. scitamineum germination. These results are consistent with field trial outcomes, which showed that the highest disease incidence (40.4%) occurred when temperature of inoculation was maintained at 30°C. On the other hand, the incidence was significantly reduced to 5.7% at 35°C. The results suggested consistent conditions for teliospore germination and sugarcane bud infection, with a temperature of 30°C being optimal for both.

Publisher

Wiley

Reference38 articles.

1. Some physiological studies on sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.);Appalanarasayya P.;Indian Phytopathology,1964

2. Some biological parameters of the sugarcane smut fungus, Ustilago scitaminea;Bhuiyan S. A.;Proceedings of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technology,2009

3. Pathogenic Variation in Spore Populations of Sporisorium scitamineum, Causal Agent of Sugarcane Smut in Australia

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