Head Acceleration Events During Tackle, Ball‐Carry, and Ruck Events in Professional Southern Hemisphere Men's Rugby Union Matches: A Study Using Instrumented Mouthguards

Author:

Roe Gregory1ORCID,Sawczuk Thomas1,Owen Cameron12ORCID,Tooby James1ORCID,Starling Lindsay345,Gilthorpe Mark S.6,Falvey Éanna37,Hendricks Sharief18ORCID,Rasmussen Karen9,Readhead Clint810,Salmon Danielle3,Stokes Keith4511,Tucker Ross312,Jones Ben1281314

Affiliation:

1. Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport Leeds Beckett University Leeds UK

2. England Performance Unit Rugby Football League Manchester UK

3. World Rugby Dublin Ireland

4. Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport University of Bath Bath UK

5. UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (UKCCIIS) University of Bath Bath UK

6. Obesity Institute Leeds Beckett University Leeds UK

7. School of Medicine & Health University College Cork Cork Ireland

8. Division of Physiological Sciences and Health through Physical Activity, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

9. New Zealand Rugby Union People Safety & Wellbeing Wellington New Zealand

10. South Africa Rugby Union Cape Town South Africa

11. Rugby Football Union Twickenham UK

12. Department of Exercise, Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine (ISEM) University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch South Africa

13. Premiership Rugby London UK

14. Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences Australian Catholic University Brisbane Queensland Australia

Abstract

ABSTRACTObjectivesDescribe head acceleration events (HAEs) experienced by professional male rugby union players during tackle, ball‐carry, and ruck events using instrumented mouthguards (iMGs).DesignProspective observational cohort.MethodsPlayers competing in the 2023 Currie Cup (141 players) and Super Rugby (66 players) seasons wore iMGs. The iMG‐recorded peak linear acceleration (PLA) and peak angular acceleration (PAA) were used as in vivo HAE approximations and linked to contact‐event data captured using video analysis. Using the maximum PLA and PAA per contact event (HAEmax), ordinal mixed‐effects regression models estimated the probabilities of HAEmax magnitude ranges occurring, while accounting for the multilevel data structure.ResultsAs HAEmax magnitude increased the probability of occurrence decreased. The probability of a HAEmax ≥15g was 0.461 (0.435–0.488) (approximately 1 in every 2) and ≥45g was 0.031 (0.025–0.037) (1 in every 32) during ball carries. The probability of a HAEmax >15g was 0.381 (0.360–0.404) (1 in every 3) and >45g 0.019 (0.015–0.023) (1 in every 53) during tackles. The probability of higher magnitude HAEmax occurring was greatest during ball carries, followed by tackles, defensive rucks and attacking rucks, with some ruck types having similar profiles to tackles and ball carries. No clear differences between positions were observed.ConclusionHigher magnitude HAEmax were relatively infrequent in professional men's rugby union players. Contact events appear different, but no differences were found between positions. The occurrence of HAEmax was associated with roles players performed within contact events, not their actual playing position. Defending rucks may warrant greater consideration in injury prevention research.

Publisher

Wiley

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