Oxidized thioredoxin 1 places a leash on NLRP1 inflammasome activity

Abstract

AbstractThe biology of the NACHT domain and leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain‐containing 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome has perplexed researchers since this inflammasome was first described about two decades ago. The identification of oxidized thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) as a suppressor of NLRP1 recently linked cellular redox homeostasis to NLRP1 inflammasome signaling. Now, Zhang et al. present a molecular structure of TRX1‐bound NLRP1 with unprecedented detail. This structure gives key insight into regulatory mechanisms governing NLRP1 activation and offers enormous potential for structure‐based anti‐inflammatory drug design.