1. Dartmouth‐Hitchcock Medical Center, Heart and Vascular Center Lebanon New Hampshire USA
2. The Dartmouth Institute, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover New Hampshire USA
3. Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
4. Department of Surgery Dartmouth‐Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon New Hampshire USA
5. Dartmouth‐Hitchcock Medical Center, Center for Population Health Lebanon New Hampshire USA
6. Department of General Internal Medicine Dartmouth‐Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon New Hampshire USA
7. Department of Economics Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire USA