The Next Generation of Payment Reforms for Population Health – An Actionable Agenda for 2035 Informed by Past Gains and Ongoing Lessons

Abstract

Policy Points The predominantly fee‐for‐service reimbursement architecture of the US health care system contributes to waste and excess spending. While the past decade of payment reforms has galvanized the adoption of alternative payment models and generated moderate savings, uptake of truly population‐based payment systems continues to lag, and interventions to date have had limited impact on care quality, outcomes, and health equity. To realize the promise of payment reforms as instruments for delivery system transformation, future policies for health care financing must focus on accelerating the diffusion of value‐based payment, leveraging payments to redress inequities, and incentivizing partnerships with cross‐sector entities to invest in the upstream drivers of health.