Interactions between beech and oak seedlings can modify the effects of hotter droughts and the onset of hydraulic failure

Author:

Mas Eugénie12ORCID,Cochard Hervé3ORCID,Deluigi Janisse12ORCID,Didion‐Gency Margaux12ORCID,Martin‐StPaul Nicolas4ORCID,Morcillo Luna5ORCID,Valladares Fernando67ORCID,Vilagrosa Alberto5ORCID,Grossiord Charlotte12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Plant Ecology Research Laboratory (PERL), School of Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPFL CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland

2. Community Ecology Unit Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape WSL CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland

3. Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF 63000 Clermont‐Ferrand France

4. Unité Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (UR629), INRAE DomaineSaint Paul, Site Agroparc 84914 Avignon Cedex 9 France

5. CEAM Foundation, Joint Research Unit University of Alicante‐CEAM, Department of Ecology University of Alicante PO Box 99, C. San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n 03080 Alicante Spain

6. Depto de Biogeografía y Cambio Global LINCGlobal, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) 28006 Madrid Spain

7. Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación Univ. Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles 28933 Madrid Spain

Abstract

Summary Mixing species with contrasting resource use strategies could reduce forest vulnerability to extreme events. Yet, how species diversity affects seedling hydraulic responses to heat and drought, including mortality risk, is largely unknown. Using open‐top chambers, we assessed how, over several years, species interactions (monocultures vs mixtures) modulate heat and drought impacts on the hydraulic traits of juvenile European beech and pubescent oak. Using modeling, we estimated species interaction effects on timing to drought‐induced mortality and the underlying mechanisms driving these impacts. We show that mixtures mitigate adverse heat and drought impacts for oak (less negative leaf water potential, higher stomatal conductance, and delayed stomatal closure) but enhance them for beech (lower water potential and stomatal conductance, narrower leaf safety margins, faster tree mortality). Potential underlying mechanisms include oak's larger canopy and higher transpiration, allowing for quicker exhaustion of soil water in mixtures. Our findings highlight that diversity has the potential to alter the effects of extreme events, which would ensure that some species persist even if others remain sensitive. Among the many processes driving diversity effects, differences in canopy size and transpiration associated with the stomatal regulation strategy seem the primary mechanisms driving mortality vulnerability in mixed seedling plantations.

Funder

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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