Affiliation:
1. Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
2. Dental Health Department College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
3. Biomaterials Science Division of Dentistry School of Medical Sciences University of Manchester Manchester UK
4. Department of Engineering Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
5. Photon Science Institute University of Manchester Manchester UK
Abstract
AbstractPurposeThis study examined the effect of whitening and abrasive regular dentifrices on the surface characteristics and stain susceptibility of polymer‐based CAD–CAM blocks subjected to artificial toothbrushing abrasion (TB).Materials and MethodsTwo resin composite blocks [CeraSmart (CS) and Grandio Blocs (GB)], one polymer‐infiltrated ceramic [Vita Enamic (VE)], and one direct resin composite [GrandioSO (RC)] were used to produce 60 specimens. The baseline mass, gloss, roughness, Vickers hardness (Hv), and color were measured after 7 days of water storage. The specimens were then separated into three TB treatment groups (n = 5): water control (C), regular daily dentifrice (R), and whitening dentifrice (W). Measurements were repeated post‐TB (20,000 cycles). All specimens were immersed in coffee, and the CIE ΔE00 was measured after 1, 7, and 14 days. Two‐way, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc tests were performed to determine any significant differences between the materials and TB groups. To determine the stain resistance, repeated measures of ANOVA, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc tests were used (α = 0.05).ResultsThe R and W mass changes were minimal (−3.77 to 3.16 g%). W reduced the gloss of all the materials by 12.6%–65%. All materials in W were slightly rougher (Ra, 0.107–0.144 μm) than those in R (Ra, 0.049–0.072 μm). The ΔE00 ranged from 0.6 to 1.6 in W and 0.4 to 1.4 in R. VE was the hardest material at baseline (Hv = 362), whereas brushing and staining lowered Hv in all TB groups (282.8–300.6). After brushing in W, VE, and RC were more susceptible to coffee stains than were CS and GB.ConclusionsThe whitening dentifrice roughened CAD–CAM specimens, reducing gloss, yet lightened some materials. Polymer‐infiltrated ceramic and direct resin composite specimens brushed with abrasive regular or whitening dentifrice resulted in more intense staining than the CAD–CAM resin composites.