1. College of Nursing National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHeart Center of Cheng‐Hsin General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
2. College of Nursing National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital Taipei Taiwan
3. College of Nursing National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityFu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan
4. Heart Center of Cheng‐Hsin General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
5. College of Nursing and Health Sciences Da‐Yeh University Changhua Taiwan