Differential diagnosis of contact dermatitis: A practical‐approach review by the EADV Task Force on contact dermatitis

Author:

Pesqué David1ORCID,Aerts Olivier2,Bizjak Mojca3ORCID,Gonçalo Margarida45ORCID,Dugonik Aleksandra6,Simon Dagmar7,Ljubojević‐Hadzavdić Suzana8ORCID,Malinauskiene Laura9ORCID,Wilkinson Mark10,Czarnecka‐Operacz Magdalena11,Krecisz Beata12,John Swen M.13,Balato Anna14,Ayala Fabio15,Rustemeyer Thomas16,Giménez‐Arnau Ana M.17ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Dermatology Department, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Barcelona Spain

2. Department of Dermatology University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and Research Group Immunology, University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium

3. Division of Allergy University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik Golnik Slovenia

4. Department of Dermatology Coimbra University Hospital Coimbra Portugal

5. Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal

6. Department of Dermatology University Medical Centre Maribor Maribor Slovenia

7. Department of Dermatology Inselspital University Hospital of Bern Bern Switzerland

8. Department of Dermatology and Venereology University Hospital Center Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia

9. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest Diseases, Immunology and Allergology Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania

10. Leeds Centre for Dermatology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Chapel Allerton Hospital Leeds UK

11. Department of Dermatology Medical University of Poznan Poznan Poland

12. Collegium Medicum Jan Kochanowski University Kielce Kielce Poland

13. Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine Osnabrueck University Osnabrueck Germany

14. Dermatology Unit University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Naples Italy

15. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy

16. Dermato‐Allergology and Occupational Dermatology Amsterdam University Medical Centers Amsterdam Netherlands

17. Dermatology Department Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain

Abstract

AbstractThe diagnosis of eczema (‘dermatitis’) is mostly clinical and depends on the clinical history and exploratory objective findings (primary lesions, patterns). Contact dermatitis remains as an important condition in the group of eczematous disorders, with important socioeconomic and occupational relevance. Although irritant and allergic contact dermatitis have a different pathogenesis, both are characterized by a rather typical morphology, are triggered by external factors and tend to occur primarily in the area of contact with the exogenous agent. In addition, allergic and irritant dermatitis may also co‐exist. The importance of diagnosing contact dermatitis, especially when allergic in nature, is both due to the possibility of avoiding the trigger, and due to its role in aggravating other skin conditions. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of clinical presentations in daily practice may pose an important challenge for the suspicion and correct diagnosis of contact dermatitis. Furthermore, other conditions, with different pathogenesis and treatment, may clinically simulate contact dermatitis. The Task Force aims to conduct a review of the unifying clinical features of contact dermatitis and characterize its main clinical phenotypes, and its simulators, in order to contribute to an early suspicion or recognition of contact dermatitis and enable a correct differential diagnosis.

Publisher

Wiley

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