Affiliation:
1. Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
2. Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Trans-activator of transcription (TAT), a cell penetrating peptide, has been explored to overcome resistance to penetration and transport inside the cell, therefore, suggested to be used as drug delivery vector into drug-resistant tumours. The generosity of this study was to evaluate modifiable factors (concentration, temperature, incubation time and spheroid age) on the penetration of TAT.
Methods
Multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) used as tumour tissue models to mimic some characteristics with in-vivo tumors. Cell monolayer and 3-, 5-, 7-day-old MCTS were incubated with TAT and effects of modifiable factors were determined quantitatively through flow cytometry, based on TAT-positive cell count (%) and mean fluorescence intensity.
Key findings
Enhancing TAT concentration (1, 5 and 25 µm), transport significantly increased (ANOVA, P < 0.0001) in cell monolayer and spheroids. However, rising temperature from 7 to 37°C (t, P > 0.05) and increasing incubation time; 20 min, 1 h and 3 h; (ANOVA, P > 0.05) were statistically non-significant. Moreover, TAT penetration declines as spheroids get older (ANOVA, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
While exploiting MCTS as tumour tissue model, older spheroids could be preferred to target penetration-resistant cells and mimic the in-vivo microenvironment.
Funder
Higher Education Commission, Pakistan Though University of Malakand
School of Pharmacy, The University of Manchester, UK
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Pharmaceutical Science,Pharmacology
Cited by
3 articles.
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