Maternal age is highly associated with non‐chromosomal congenital anomalies: Analysis of a population‐based case‐control database

Author:

Pethő Boglárka12,Mátrai Ákos123,Agócs Gergely24,Veres Dániel Sándor24,Harnos Andrea25,Váncsa Szilárd267,Bánhidy Ferenc12,Hegyi Péter267,Ács Nándor12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary

2. Centre for Translational Medicine Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary

3. Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pécs Pécs Hungary

4. Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary

5. Department of Biostatics University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest Budapest Hungary

6. Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre Medical School, University of Pécs Pécs Hungary

7. Institute for Pancreatic Diseases Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveThe role of maternal age in the development of non‐chromosomal congenital anomalies (NCAs) is under debate. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to identify the age groups at risk for NCAs. The secondary aim was to perform a detailed analysis of the relative frequency of various anomalies.DesignNational population‐based study.SettingThe Hungarian Case‐Control Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (CAs) between 1980 and 2009.Population or SampleA cohort of 31 128 cases with confirmed NCAs was compared with Hungary's total of 2 808 345 live births.MethodsClinicians prospectively reported cases after delivery. Data were analysed by non‐linear logistic regression. Risk‐increasing effect of young and advanced maternal age was determined by each NCA group.Main outcome measuresThese were the total number of NCAs: cleft lip and palate, circulatory, genital, musculoskeletal, digestive, urinary, eye, ear, face, and neck, nervous system, and respiratory system anomalies.ResultsThe occurrence of NCAs in our database was lowest between 23 and 32 years of maternal age at childbirth. The relative risk (RR) of any NCA was 1.2 (95% CI 1.17–1.23) and 1.15 (95% CI 1.11–1.19) in the very young and advanced age groups, respectively. The respective results for the circulatory system were RR = 1.07 (95% CI 1.01–1.13) and RR = 1.33 (95% CI 1.24–1.42); for cleft lip and palate RR = 1.09 (95% CI 1.01–1.19) and RR = 1.45 (95% CI 1.26–1.67); for genital organs RR = 1.15 (95% CI 1.08–1.22) and RR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29); for the musculoskeletal system RR = 1.17 (95% CI 1.12–1.23) and RR = 1.29 (95% CI 1.14–1.44); and for the digestive system RR = 1.23 (95% CI 1.14–1.31) and RR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29).ConclusionVery young and advanced maternal ages are associated with different types of NCAs. Therefore, screening protocols should be adjusted for these risk groups.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Obstetrics and Gynecology

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