Mechanisms of enteric neuropathy in diverse contexts of gastrointestinal dysfunction

Author:

Jamka Julia R.1,Gulbransen Brian D.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physiology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA

Abstract

AbstractThe enteric nervous system (ENS) commands moment‐to‐moment gut functions through integrative neurocircuitry housed in the gut wall. The functional continuity of ENS networks is disrupted in enteric neuropathies and contributes to major disturbances in normal gut activities including abnormal gut motility, secretions, pain, immune dysregulation, and disrupted signaling along the gut–brain axis. The conditions under which enteric neuropathy occurs are diverse and the mechanistic underpinnings are incompletely understood. The purpose of this brief review is to summarize the current understanding of the cell types involved, the conditions in which neuropathy occurs, and the mechanisms implicated in enteric neuropathy such as oxidative stress, toll like receptor signaling, purines, and pre‐programmed cell death.

Publisher

Wiley

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