Affiliation:
1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
2. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology Matsushita Memorial Hospital Moriguchi Japan
3. Department of Preventive Services Kyoto University School of Public Health Kyoto Japan
4. Department of Health Care Center Panasonic Health Insurance Organization Moriguchi Japan
5. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Matsushita Memorial Hospital Moriguchi Japan
Abstract
ABSTRACTAim/IntroductionThis historical cohort study sought to research the relationship between eating behaviors and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a large, long‐term cohort of Japanese subjects.Materials and MethodsPanasonic Corporation employees who had no history of diabetes and attended yearly health surveys between 2008 and 2018 were included in this study. The main outcome measure was diabetes onset.ResultsThis study included 128,594 participants and 6,729 participants who developed type 2 diabetes in the study period. Skipping breakfast, fast eating, snacking after dinner, and eating meals before sleeping were linked with the risk of the incidence of type 2 diabetes. In individuals with a BMI < 25 kg/m2, fast eating (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–1.90), and eating meals before sleeping (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.17) were likewise associated with an increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, fast eating (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.89–1.30) and meals before sleeping (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88–1.01) were not related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in individuals with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (P value for interaction = 0.0007 [fast eating] and 0.007 [meals before sleeping], respectively). No significant interaction effect between sex and eating behavior was found.ConclusionsWith respect to Japanese people, especially in people with a BMI < 25 kg/m2, eating behaviors may be a risk factor for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes.